3. Diode ring, which provides variable gain, used in analog compressors like the Neve 33609 (I have a clone of the 33609, and I’m very fond of it)
Think about this: if you have a nonlinear device like a diode, then the dynamic resistance changes depending on the operating point. If you modulate the operating point, you’re modulating the dynamic resistance.
Kinda interesting to hear about. I have a 500 chassis I’m slowly working on filling. I’m between the RND 535 or 543, and had never heard of a diode bridge comp before looking at the 535.
I have the Heritage HA-609A. I considered going 500-series. Maybe some day in the future. For now, I have two preamps and the HA-609A in a 4U rack, and most of my other gear is in storage. Keeping things light.
I did this once with a diode when I was a baby electrical engineer in college. But of course you need some kind of measurement circuit. So somehow(???) I figured out I could wire a diode into one axis of my analog Gravis joystick--hooked up to my soundcard--and get a fairly accurate and stable measurement of temperature by poking the monostable multivibrator (pretty sure that's what it was called) in the soundcard that would trigger the time it took to drain a set amount of charge through the joystick's x-axis/now-diode.
Novices who don't have a clue nor know any better come up with the weirdest solutions. I have no clue whatsoever now what inspired me to even try something like that.
Looks great! Would you have a recommendation for intro materials to help me learn the basics of electronics using CircuitLab? I have a working understanding of signal processing but building an actual circuit without electrocuting myself, not setting my Raspberry Pi on fire, or selecting the right set of components for the simplest DIY project based on spec sheets are a mystery to me.
I have used some regular diodes today as a way to lower the input voltage and this case is not covered. A diode might be more effective than a buck converter because all I wanted was to have a 0.7V lower voltage and the converter can not work in this condition. Zener diode can but it dissipates too much heat for high-current application.
> This topic seems to be broadly misunderstood. It is 100% verified fact by both myself and others (including university researchers) that diode strings can produce more heat (or watt-hours, BTU) from a given solar panel than a bare resistance element.
At the cost of very efficiently radiating that heat back out into space at night.
Making electricity and then using that electricity to heat something elsewhere lets you insulate, effectively allowing you to create a box that heat energy can only pass one way.
We have a one-way diode technology for heat, it's called "glass", and it'll bump your efficiency by about 25% versus uncovered flat plates on a still day. More in windy conditions etc, lots of hand waving assumptions about spherical cows in a vacuum etc.
You'd need some kind of storage for the heat, something with a large thermal mass that doesn't readily give up it's heat to the surroundings. Sand or water or even big rocks or a thick slab of concrete.
I suspect (didn't watch) it's just that a diode makes a crude MPPT tracker (since a PV array is just a bunch diodes arranged to collect photons at the P-N junctions). The benchmark is probably "non-variable resistor".
my thought was that a diode removes all the current from its voltage drop (aka: why your LED will burn out if it gets uncontrolled current). A resistor will never remove all the current going through it.
Maybe we're saying the same thing in different ways.
If you’re into audio, they can easily be used for distortion. You “clip” the top of the audio wave. Usually in a asymmetrical way, to get more pleasant sounding distortion.
This is excellent but in typical low voltage scenarios (5V or lower) the 600mV diode voltage drop becomes very significant. Simple diode half wave rectification works fine at 100V, but at 3.3V it breaks down.
A diode can switch off an AC source when a battery is present: see second circuit in accepted answer, introduced by, "Alternatively, you can probably get away with just using some schottky diodes:"
It has one RC constant when charging and a different RC constant when discharging through the diode.
Why would you want to charge a capacitor slowly when power is applied to the device, but discharge it fast when power is cut? There are various applications for that.
For instance, circuits that control some timed behavior, like holding a CPU chip in a reset state at start up while power stabilizes, and then releasing it. You want that circuit to reset itself quickly if power is lost.
Analog circuits have things like that in them: for instance circuits that mute an audio amplifier on power up for a bunch of milliseconds until a capacitor charges. If the power is cycled, you want that timer to reset itself.
He mentions diode logic and points out the drawback of the limited output current, but doesn't mention the obvious solution of a transistor in voltage-follower configuration.
I always thought RTL was pretty nifty, and it was used in a lot of early computers. I think it's a lot less fussy of component values than the earlier RTL.
> The reason I put “gate” in scare quotes in the illustration is that the circuits are not readily composable to implement more complex digital logic...
Any good suggestions on resources talking about building complex digital logic out of something more suitable?
They might be referring to RTL (resistor-transistor logic). A transistor in the circuit can maintain the same output current that was input. (A transistor in fact a diode and a half.) RTL was superseded by TTL (transistor-transistor logic) but, hey, the Apollo computers that put astronauts on the Moon used RTL logic.
You could start with the late Don Lancster's book [1].
I have a little "breadboard helper" that I am wrapping up (that includes a project manual) for creating RTL circuits and others [2]. (I hope to sell a few.)
The N side has negative charge carriers. It has a positive charge in the depletion region because the charge carriers are missing. Likewise, the P side has positive charge carriers, and when they’re missing, you get a negative charge.
This is true whether we live in the current universe or live in an alternate universe where we say that electrons have positive charge. The depletion region is where the charge carriers are missing (depleted), so you get the opposite charge of whatever the charge carriers are.
That's exactly why it's called a 'rectified' linear unit! It's a half-wave rectifier. The ReLU function is just what you'd see if you put an (ideal) diode on a curve tracer.
1. Frequency mixer, used for heterodyning, important in radio, so I hear. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_mixer
2. Log converter, where the output voltage is proportional to the logarithm of the input voltage. https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/374440/log-c...
3. Diode ring, which provides variable gain, used in analog compressors like the Neve 33609 (I have a clone of the 33609, and I’m very fond of it)
Think about this: if you have a nonlinear device like a diode, then the dynamic resistance changes depending on the operating point. If you modulate the operating point, you’re modulating the dynamic resistance.
Reverse biasing a diode at different levels changes the junction capacitance. Also used in radio, for things like variable filters.
edit: oh, it's topped pinned comment!
https://w140.com/tekwiki/wiki/Sampler
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_multiplier
https://opg.optica.org/optcon/fulltext.cfm?uri=optcon-1-7-15...
What kind of 33609 clone do you have?
Novices who don't have a clue nor know any better come up with the weirdest solutions. I have no clue whatsoever now what inspired me to even try something like that.
Diode half-wave rectifier https://www.circuitlab.com/editor/4da864/
Diode full-wave (bridge) rectifier https://www.circuitlab.com/editor/f6ex5x/
Diode turn-off time https://www.circuitlab.com/editor/fwr26m/
LED with resistor biasing https://www.circuitlab.com/editor/z79rqm/
Zener diode voltage reference https://www.circuitlab.com/editor/7f3ndq/
Charge Pump Voltage Doubler https://www.circuitlab.com/editor/24t6h3ypc4e5/
Diode Cascade Voltage Multiplier https://www.circuitlab.com/editor/mh9d8k/
(note: I wrote the simulation engine)
I’ve heard good things about “Practical Electronics for Inventors” but haven’t gone through it myself.
https://www.falstad.com/circuit/circuitjs.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jvNNgUl3al0
https://www.geocities.ws/diygescorp/diodeoctaveup.gif
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_multiplier
> This topic seems to be broadly misunderstood. It is 100% verified fact by both myself and others (including university researchers) that diode strings can produce more heat (or watt-hours, BTU) from a given solar panel than a bare resistance element.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=42XIbHA9Dv0
It seems like that depends on the diode string and PV array remaining at approximately the same temperature as heat is dumped into the diode.
Making electricity and then using that electricity to heat something elsewhere lets you insulate, effectively allowing you to create a box that heat energy can only pass one way.
Maybe we're saying the same thing in different ways.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baker_clamp
Flyback diode:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flyback_diode
A diode can switch off an AC source when a battery is present: see second circuit in accepted answer, introduced by, "Alternatively, you can probably get away with just using some schottky diodes:"
https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/71753/whats-...
Also, diodes can be used to provide a controlled discharge path for capacitors when a device is turned off.
The circuit in this EE StackExchange question shows it:
https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/471285/capac...
It has one RC constant when charging and a different RC constant when discharging through the diode.
Why would you want to charge a capacitor slowly when power is applied to the device, but discharge it fast when power is cut? There are various applications for that.
For instance, circuits that control some timed behavior, like holding a CPU chip in a reset state at start up while power stabilizes, and then releasing it. You want that circuit to reset itself quickly if power is lost.
Analog circuits have things like that in them: for instance circuits that mute an audio amplifier on power up for a bunch of milliseconds until a capacitor charges. If the power is cycled, you want that timer to reset itself.
Another application: Log amp: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log_amplifier
This exploits the diode's characteristic V-I exponential curve in amplifier feedback to produce output proportional to the logarithm of the input.
AJH Synth Sonic V Diode Ladder Filter. (IMHO AJH make the best eurorack filters out there..)
I always thought RTL was pretty nifty, and it was used in a lot of early computers. I think it's a lot less fussy of component values than the earlier RTL.
Any good suggestions on resources talking about building complex digital logic out of something more suitable?
You could start with the late Don Lancster's book [1].
I have a little "breadboard helper" that I am wrapping up (that includes a project manual) for creating RTL circuits and others [2]. (I hope to sell a few.)
RTL book [1]: https://archive.org/details/RTL_Resistor-Transistor_Logic_Co...
Prototyping [2]: https://cdn.bsky.app/img/feed_fullsize/plain/did:plc:oxjqlam...
How completely unintuitive.
The N side has negative charge carriers. It has a positive charge in the depletion region because the charge carriers are missing. Likewise, the P side has positive charge carriers, and when they’re missing, you get a negative charge.
This is true whether we live in the current universe or live in an alternate universe where we say that electrons have positive charge. The depletion region is where the charge carriers are missing (depleted), so you get the opposite charge of whatever the charge carriers are.